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Jaguars of Brazil - Dynamics,Lifestyle,Datas,Studies,Reports
Jaguars of Brazil - Dynamics,Lifestyle,Datas,Studies,Reports
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Jaguars of Brazil - Dynamics,Lifestyle,Datas,Studies,Reports
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The Jaguars we track.
year: 2013 note: Most of these jaguars are already gone nowadays but its a nice throwback on the jaguars that already roamed Refúgio Ecológico Caiman. Posted by adamoncafari in 09/14/2013 The last four tracker orientated blog posts have mentioned much about what the South African trackers are doing to help Projeto Onçafari in Brazil. They are roughly half way through their stint here in the Pantanal, and I have decided that this is the ideal opportunity for me to introduce you to some of the jaguars whom the trackers, and the rest of the team, spend each day trying to find. Using unique rosette patterns and other physical features we are able to identify individuals. Each cat is different. Sometimes it takes a little practice to train the eye what to look for, but after a while you can start to recognize who is who. It also stands to reason that the more time you spend observing an individual, the more you get to know his/her personality. In the last two years we have already identified 27 individuals. Some jaguars are once-offs, coming into the area to explore; others are resident, using Caiman Ecological Refuge as their home. Below I will briefly introduce a handful of the jaguars that the project is working with, the main players so to speak. Enjoy the Jaguars of Onçafari FANTASMA This is the resident and dominant male in the core research area. He is huge. Telltale battle scars on his face suggest he has been around for many years. We estimate his age at somewhere between 10 and 13. His name ‘Fantasma’ can be directly translated to ‘Ghost’. One of the main reasons he acquired this name is his ability to just appear out of nowhere. We can go weeks without seeing any trace of him and then suddenly he will arrive. He has been seen by nearly every camera trap we have set up and we believe his territory to be gigantic! – Adam Bannister  *This image is copyright of its original author ESPERANÇA Esperança means ‘hope’ in Portuguese. She was given this name as she provided the Onçafari team with the hope and encouragement that we are achieving our goals. She is one of the most important female jaguars of the project, with her territory falling very central to or research area. She is currently wearing a GPS radio collar, which has allowed us to follow her movements very closely. We estimate her birth date around 2007. She has had three litters that we are aware of. 2009, February 2012 and May 2013.- Adam Bannister  *This image is copyright of its original author NATUREZA Born in February 2012, she is the daughter of Esperança. She is a very relaxed jaguar and proved to the team that the strategies being applied to habituate these cats were working. Natureza went independent from her mom at the young age of 14 months. Upon going independent she was driven out of her natal area by her mom and sightings have now become very infrequent of this gorgeous female. – Diogo Lucatelli  *This image is copyright of its original author CHUVA The word ‘Chuva’ means rain in Portuguese. She was captured in October 2011 in the pouring rain. As a sign of happiness, potential, fertility and fresh beginnings she was named Chuva. In 2012 she was seen a lot, but it appears as if Teorema may have driven her out of her homeland. Sadly her collar no longer works. She had a daughter back in January 2012 and this cub was named Garoa, meaning drizzle - Mario Haberfeld  *This image is copyright of its original author GAROA The female offspring of Chuva. Garoa was born around January 2012. A number of recent sightings of her alone suggest that she went independent at around 14-15 months of age. – Adam Bannister  *This image is copyright of its original author TEOREMA Fitted with a GPS collar back in April this year Teorema is also a valuable asset to the team. The technology on her collar is such that we are able to get a very good idea of exactly what land she is using and when. Teorema is believed to have been born around 2006 and has had two litters that we know of. The first we are aware of was of a male back in October 2011. The second litter is a single cub born in April this year. This single cub has been seen once in person, and a handful of times on camera trap. Teorema’s territory surrounds the large lake in the area and as such she is a very aquatic jaguar. Tracking her often involves wading waist deep in piranha-infested water. At only 3,5 months of age her little cub was swimming hundreds of meters through open water! – Diogo Lucatelli  *This image is copyright of its original author Teorema’s advanced collar allows us to get great insight into her movements. This Google Earth image allows us to see her movements over the last 5 months.The distance from the top point to bottom point is roughly 22 km. Activity Colour Key: Red – high Orange – medium Blue – low White – outliers  *This image is copyright of its original author When one zooms into the highest activity areas one can begin to see individual points. Each point represents two hours. In the top left you can see the high accumulation of points – this is the den site where her cub was born on 21 April this year.  *This image is copyright of its original author A camera trap picture of Teorema’s cub aged 3 and a half months.  *This image is copyright of its original author PITÁGORAS Teorema’s son, born back in October 2011. He went independent from his mother at 17-18 months. Sightings of this male have dried up in the last few months, as I believe he has had to move out of the area soon due to the presence of the much larger Fantasma. He was named Pitágoras, due to a set of clear triangular shapes on his coat. His mother was subsequently named Teorema to make up Pythagoras Theorem. Diogo Lucatelli  *This image is copyright of its original author YARA Yara is believed to be the oldest female jaguar that we currently view at Caiman Ecological Refuge. We estimate her to have been born in 2002. The Jaguar Conservation Fund ( IOP ) collared her many years ago, in 2005. That collar has since fallen off and she continues to roam around in her old age. She is a very large and relaxed female that oozes power and presence. Sightings and interactions between Yara and Esperanza suggest that there is the possibility that the two may be related. Yara must have had many litters in her life; the one we know very well was in August last year.- Adam Bannister note: IOP captured some Pantanal jaguars in the past as well.  *This image is copyright of its original author YARA’S CUB Born in August 2012, this jaguar can no longer be called a cub. The name just stuck and he will be renamed shortly. Yara’s cub has a wonderful temperament and is very relaxed around the cars. He has provided me with my two best sightings in the last 4 months. In late August 2013 he was seen with puncture wounds in his face and neck, this all suggests that he is reaching independence and starting to become a threat to the other male jaguars in the area. I am always amazed at how large this jaguar is for his age – Adam Bannister.  *This image is copyright of its original author Written by Adam Bannister
credits: Gediendson
Rare scenes of the most elusive and rarest jaguar population of Brazil. Caatinga jaguar being captured. Check the environment where they live from the beginning. Capture starts at -5:29min Very cool at -4:19min. he carefully removes the loop trap from the Caatinga jaguar's paw. The beautiful beast wakes up at -3:09min VIDEO Unfortunately no weight were stated but I'd guess around 30kg-35kg-40kg.  *This image is copyright of its original author  *This image is copyright of its original author  *This image is copyright of its original author  *This image is copyright of its original author  *This image is copyright of its original author  *This image is copyright of its original author  *This image is copyright of its original author  *This image is copyright of its original author  *This image is copyright of its original author  *This image is copyright of its original author The 43kg adult Caatinga male that I posted in the modern weights thread also included in the video. His fur looks quite unique and beautiful.  *This image is copyright of its original author  *This image is copyright of its original author  *This image is copyright of its original author  *This image is copyright of its original author  *This image is copyright of its original author  *This image is copyright of its original author The cameraman says the female was the first Caatinga Jaguar to be captured in the area, the melanistic male was probably the second.
Feel the nature vibe.
The male jaguar got his upper lips ripped we can even see his left canine even when his mouth is shut.
THE JAGUARS OF THE FLOODED AMAZON.
Projeto Iauaretê Original Article and post: https://www.uol/noticias/especiais/casa-...m#imagem-4 Amazonic Felines surprise researchers and live up to four months a year high up in the trees.  *This image is copyright of its original author Published by Bruno Kelly and Maria Clara Pestre from Reuters In a unique location in the middle of the Amazon rainforest, where the waters flood more than 1 million hectares of forest each year, jaguars can be seen on tree tops, living for about four months up to 15 meters away from the ground. 600 km away from Manaus-Brazil, within the Mamirauá Sustainable Development Reserve, researchers from the Iauaretê project witnessed the behavior for the first time in 2013, by seeing a female amazonic jaguar and her cub living in a tree canopy or treetop. During 2016 to 2018 on several visits to that location, jaguars were photographed by Reuters high in the tree branches.  *This image is copyright of its original author ''This is a very interesting thing, because it shows that the amazon jaguar, even though it is a large animal, it can withstand the flood and feed, breed and raise its cubs and youngsters up on the trees for three to four months of the year. " -Emiliano Ramalho The behavior of amazonic jaguars, which can reach almost 2 meters and almost 90 kilograms, is dictated by the floodplain of the floodplain forest, which usually occurs between April and July, and also influencing the way of life of more than 10,000 people living inside the Reserve. ''This is something that, until we started researching the amazon jaguar here, it had never been described'' - Emiliano Ramalho  *This image is copyright of its original author The Iauaretê project, whose name means ''True Jaguar'' in Tupi-Guarani, is led by the Mamirauá Institute, an organization linked to the Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation that has been studying since 2004 the habits of jaguars to develop the preservation of the species.  *This image is copyright of its original author To this end, researchers follow a long process of monitoring the jaguar that begins with trapping, followed by capture and physical analysis of the animal. After evaluation the amazon jaguars are returned to the forest with a radio collar. The researchers then follow the location signals flying over the forest, or, in periods of flood by entering its maze of trees aboard on small boats with radio antennas.  *This image is copyright of its original author Railgler dos Santos, a resident of the Caburini community located within the Mamirauá Reserve, participated in the capture of an Amazonic Jaguar next to the Iauaretê project and claims to have never forgotten what he saw in the middle of the forest. photo by Bruno Kelly  *This image is copyright of its original author Expedição Onça-Pintada Monitoring has led to the collection of an information base on jaguars in the region, including their presence on trees an unexpected behavior and once the normal act for the species would be to leave the flooded areas all the way to the dry forest areas. "No one doubted that she climbed a tree, no one doubted that she swam, we already knew it, but that she could live high up in the trees for three to four months of the year was a hard thing to believe " said researcher Emiliano Ramalho. For the researcher, the behavior of the jaguar, considered as endangered by the ICMBio (Chico Mendes Institute for Biodiversity Conservation) highlights the importance of preserving the floodplain forests.  *This image is copyright of its original author "If we want to preserve the species, we need to preserve those environments where the amazonic jaguars has this unique behavior of living in the trees ... maybe it's the great fortress for the jaguars, the most important place for us to preserve jaguars in the Amazon may be the floodplains" he said. ''Even the moment of sneezing, when I close my eyes, only those black eyes comes. That darkness, but those eyes remain there " -Railgler dos Santos, resident of the Caburini community, inside Mamirauá Reserve. From this goal it was created the "Expedição Onça-Pintada" a tourism package that takes up to four people aboard on small boats to observe the predator that is the Symbol of Brazil.  *This image is copyright of its original author "We will navigate through the forest until we find the amazonic jaguar. When we get there we will stay for about an hour with the jaguar and then leave it and return to the inn. This process is repeated for three days" said Ramalho adding that the package is carried out only three times a year. The expedition, which costs 10,000 reais per person, is carried out in conjunction with the lodge Uakari Lodge, managed by residents of the reserve, generating visibility for the preservation of jaguar and income for the communities in the region, which according to Ramalho, has changed the way people see the animal. "People who live close to the jaguar, in general, have mixed feelings. They think the animal is beautiful, but at the same time they are afraid of it. They admire it, but they are angry because the animal eats their cattles, the pigs, the chickens, the dogs" explained the researcher adding that this case used to lead to the death of jaguars. ''It is not possible today we reach the proposed global goals for global warming and the preservation of the planet if we do not preserve the Amazon" -Emiliano Ramalho researcher and responsible of the project.  *This image is copyright of its original author
Very interesting live yesterday with Jorge Salomão and Jacqueline Muniz about jaguar/puma captures in Brazil.
Jorge who is Graduated in Veterinary Medicine and one of the most important members of the Reprocon team was the one answering the questions since he is part of the team that captures jaguars and pumas in all brazilian biomes. I am gonna point out a few important things from that live. 1) Regarding Charges during sedation Pumas are more shy but Jaguars will charge 90% of the times when it receives the sedation shot so the team usually get someone to distract the beast but once darted it will turn against whoever shot it but eventually the charging animals will be stopped by the loop trap then it will try to search for a place to escape but the team better keep safe distances to avoid accidents specially with jaguars who are much more aggressive in these situations of stress when the animal wants to scape and the charging moments are the moments when people even hug each other  .credits: Reprocon  *This image is copyright of its original author 2) I told them about the 2 theories of mine and they pretty much got confirmed. I asked if cerrado jaguars are the second largest jaguar population in Brazil today. Jorge said yes from all of their captures and experiences the Pantanal jaguars are the largest but Cerrado jaguars aren't too far bellow today, the numbers prove by itself. He also mentioned from his experience specially seeing both wild Cerrado and Pantanal jags in person so many times regarding size comparison he got impressions that Pantanal jaguars compared to Cerrado jaguars are a bit shorter and broader whereas Cerrado jaguars in comparison to Pantanal jaguars are a bit taller and a bit less broad but with big head. 3) My second theory is that Caatinga Jaguars and Caatinga Pumas overlap in size ( cause I personally think and I already said that if there's one place in Brazil where both cats have the most minimal size/weight difference is in Caatinga ) He said in Caatinga they tend to be small so chances of overlap is very likely, some of their captures he mentioned in caatinga was a male Puma of 37kg and a male Caatinga Jaguar of 41kg so its highly possible for them to overlap in Caatinga. ( let's also remember about the 37kg 5 years old caatinga male I posted in the jaguars weight thread ) I don't think the 43kg caatinga male he mentioned is Lampião male cause he missed the time Reprocon along with his partner Gediendson captured a 41kg melanistic caatinga male which could definitely be Lampião male. The one he mentioned was a non-melanistic one. 4) Also to give you guys a clue on how elusive caatinga jaguars are, he said they took 30-40 days to localize one single caatinga jaguar. 5) He got bit by a Tapir. haha 6) He went to Amazon in the past and captured 3 Amazonic jaguars there 2 females and 1 male but he recalls only the weight of 2. One amazonic female of 45kg and one amazonic male of 53kg. He mentioned Amazonic jaguars are also normally pretty small. He also pointed out how mesmerizing the Amazon is. 7) Also I am gonna Take advantage and mention something interesting from the live of Onças do Iguaçú around 1 week ago is that Caatinga jaguars got much more rough/harsh paw pads compared to its larger cousins in order to adapt to the thorns and dry enviornment of Caatinga. There was also another confirmation on cattle predation by Caatinga jags, this time by the Biologist Claudia said that her partners in the field stated Caatinga jaguars do predate on cattles and despite the small sizes they're yet robust and they are no joke in strength and even with much lesser cases of cattle predation compared to Pantanal and Cerrado jaguars there are still a proportion of cattle loss to the ranchers by Caatinga jaguars which leads enraged ranchers willing to poach them and the rest of the story we all already know.
Cerrado Jaguars from Pontal do Jaburú Private Reserve.
Cerrado Jaguar scent Marking and a group of Pecaries in Private Reserve Pontal do Jaburú Limping robust Cerrado Jaguar towards Araguaia Valey in Pontal do Jaburú. Individual At night. Cerrado Dark Jaguar Quenching its thirst at night in Araguaia Valey in Pontal do Jaburú. Other individuals.
117kg Tiago Cerrado male Onça-Preta Death.
credits: Leandro Silveira Leandro ''Today we received an e-mail the dark jaguar Tiago's collar is showing signs of mortality that means its been 24h the collar doesn't move then it activates this mortality mode we're heading to the field but we've noticed in the last 10 days Tiago was very concentraded in that area in the same place but we thought he was eating something we supposed he could've predated on something and could be feeding on a large carcass such as a tapir. But now with the mortality sign is very worrying already. Lets find out if he's either dead, the collar fell off or if he's feeding on something. Found the carcass the animal is dead and now lets figure out what happened whether it was by natural causes, accident... Its been a while the carcass is here probably 10 days ago he was already dead unfortunately the carcass is well decomposed it makes it harder for us see some tissue marks but now we gotta find the bones to see if there's any signs of conflict attack of another jaguar or bullet marks.'' In case of Teeth marks (skull bite) the place would be here. (photo bellow)  *This image is copyright of its original author  *This image is copyright of its original author ''I've seen jaguar skulls slaughtered by other jaguars, which happens around here where it'd be possible to kill an animal like this and as you can see there's no marks of this regard the skull is clean so now we gotta figure out what happened here.'' ''Here it is we localized the Onça-Preta ( Dark Jaguar ) named Tiago who was being monitored for almost one year this animal was captured in the IOP's backyard and is now found dead at 20km from our headquarters in a ranchers area (farm) we're still have no idea about the death of this animal who was healthy, he was at his best physical condition in full force. We estimated him to be 8-9 years old.'' ''And we probably will never find out since his carcass is already well deteriorated and we can't see any marks on the bones.'' Felipe ''The possibilities of his death could be either gun bullets, got ran over since theres roads here but it would take fractures as well or it could be predation in the state this corpse is. there's no way we can collect materials to take to laboratories to see if he was poisoned or disease case but the corpse on this state we unfortunately can't tell.'' Leandro ''Cerrado jaguars predate cattles in this farm right?'' Farmer ''Correct but not this one. The one we usually see predating on cattles here is the yellow one. this type of jaguar here (Melanistic/Tiago) I didn't even see around here these times. but I've seen others around the upper areas.'' Leandro ''Now lets take that skull and head back to IOP. We'll take a look again on some points and datas from the collar to understand a bit better about how was Tiago cerrado male's whereabouts, his route until arriving here.''  *This image is copyright of its original author ''One more day of learning, one more day of scientific intrigue, it just shows that we still know very little about this species which is our apex top chain predator and symbol of the Brazilian biodiversity.''  *This image is copyright of its original author  *This image is copyright of its original author  *This image is copyright of its original author  *This image is copyright of its original author  *This image is copyright of its original author  *This image is copyright of its original author Sedated Tiago. I remember when I first saw this pic and I made the first post of him ''MONSTER SIZED CERRADO JAGUAR'' After that the mission to find out his weight just started. *This image is copyright of its original author The Cerrado.  *This image is copyright of its original author  *This image is copyright of its original author
I just finished a conversation with Crawshaw about 2 large rival male jaguars from Acurizal followed by Panthera.org and Crawshaw in 2011-2012. I am gonna get their weights in the future when he reads the articles again.
But the main reason of this post is the Giant Anteater predation.  *This image is copyright of its original author  *This image is copyright of its original author I asked him ''We know that in some biomes the giant anteater is part of the diet of the jaguar painted mainly in the cerrado, and we also know that this animal has powerful claws to take down and crumble very hard termite mounds and self-defense. Do you know of cases of giant anteaters hurting or seriously injuring a jaguar during predation attempts or are they just another easy prey for the felid?'' He answered ''I've already heard of cases of jaguars getting seriously injured in clashes with giant antears and there's a video circulating of a giant anteater facing a jaguar and managing to escape, the jaguar gives up the attack. ''I think this will depend very much on the circumstances of both, of the giant anteater and of the jaguar, the respective experiences, on the degree of hunger and intention of the jaguar.''  *This image is copyright of its original author Some videos we already know of the encounter. 86.5 Natureza female vs Giant anteater Male jaguar vs Giant anteater To be honest I always knew these animals mean business, there's an account of one giant anteater killing a pit bull, yes its far bellow a jaguar strength and size but it yet shows how powerful giant anteaters claws can be and they serously injuring jaguars just makes me respect them even more. There's also many cases of people killed by Giant Anteaters here in Brazil. Giant Anteater demolishing very hard termite mound in Cerrado.  *This image is copyright of its original author
Some relatively good news about Tiago, post mortem examination revealed that he wasn't poached but was killed by another jaguar.
Leandro brought a jaguar specialist in post mortem analysis to try to determine the cause of Tiago's death, and he realized that Tiago was missing some vertebrae behind the skull which is characteristic of jaguar predation:  *This image is copyright of its original author They then brought in a Jaguar from Pantanal who had been previously killed by another jaguar to examine the marks in its skull that lead to its death and compare it to Tiago's:  *This image is copyright of its original author  *This image is copyright of its original author  *This image is copyright of its original author They speculated that Rogerio male could be the male that killed Tiago as they crossed paths multiple times in the past which could've led to a deadly altercation:  *This image is copyright of its original author  *This image is copyright of its original author But they also said that it was likely that it could've been another male that hasn't been tracked who did the killing, they reiterated that for a jaguar to kill another the size of Tiago it must have been huge, and let's remember Tiago was pretty big himself. The killing by another jaguar also explains why his carcass was voided of flesh only within 24 hours after his death. The other jaguar must have consumed his flesh, turning this into an episode of predation and cannibalism. Despite what some people have said in the past, Leandro clarified that jaguars are very territorial animals and they usually avoid running into each other because confrontations between them tend to turn deadly. When they fight they go all in and for the kill.  (07-08-2020, 10:53 PM)OncaAtrox Wrote: Some relatively good news about Tiago, post mortem examination revealed that he wasn't poached but was killed by another jaguar.I dont buy it, where did his canines go if that's the case? (07-08-2020, 11:26 PM)Pckts Wrote:(07-08-2020, 10:53 PM)OncaAtrox Wrote: Some relatively good news about Tiago, post mortem examination revealed that he wasn't poached but was killed by another jaguar.I dont buy it, where did his canines go if that's the case? Some of his canines had already broken off when he was alive and captured the last time, they said that it could've costed him being able to hunt and properly defend himself as well. (07-08-2020, 11:38 PM)OncaAtrox Wrote:(07-08-2020, 11:26 PM)Pckts Wrote:(07-08-2020, 10:53 PM)OncaAtrox Wrote: Some relatively good news about Tiago, post mortem examination revealed that he wasn't poached but was killed by another jaguar.I dont buy it, where did his canines go if that's the case? Broken is one thing but missing is another. Even when broken or worn down, the root will always remain unless completely knocked out which is very rare. Another bad sign is the fact that both lower and upper are completely missing.  *This image is copyright of its original author
(07-08-2020, 11:53 PM)Pckts Wrote:(07-08-2020, 11:38 PM)OncaAtrox Wrote:(07-08-2020, 11:26 PM)Pckts Wrote:(07-08-2020, 10:53 PM)OncaAtrox Wrote: Some relatively good news about Tiago, post mortem examination revealed that he wasn't poached but was killed by another jaguar.I dont buy it, where did his canines go if that's the case? It was his words that the teeth were missing due to natural causes, which isn't unusual in big cats, often times when they fight they will lose a canine from the root, similar things can happen when hunting a large animal:  *This image is copyright of its original author Matchli lost her teeth similarly hunting that mugger crocodile and if you revisit the video of him in the cage you will be able to tell he was already missing those canines. Also, the marks of the postmodern exam on the vertebrae behind the skull are conclusive of being broken by another large felid, poachers when hunting will usually shoot the animal, not carefully break their nape. (07-09-2020, 12:15 AM)OncaAtrox Wrote:That is literally the only big cat you can find with it's entire gum and tooth knocked out and that was because tooth and piece of his jaw were broken off, that's why his canine stayed.(07-08-2020, 11:53 PM)Pckts Wrote:(07-08-2020, 11:38 PM)OncaAtrox Wrote:(07-08-2020, 11:26 PM)Pckts Wrote:(07-08-2020, 10:53 PM)OncaAtrox Wrote: Some relatively good news about Tiago, post mortem examination revealed that he wasn't poached but was killed by another jaguar.I dont buy it, where did his canines go if that's the case? Machli lost her teeth due to old age and her roots were still intact  *This image is copyright of its original author  *This image is copyright of its original author even when they have their canines knocked out, they usually still maintain their roots  *This image is copyright of its original author  *This image is copyright of its original author
(07-09-2020, 12:31 AM)Pckts Wrote:(07-09-2020, 12:15 AM)OncaAtrox Wrote:That is literally the only big cat you can find with it's entire gum and tooth knocked out and that was because tooth and piece of his jaw were broken off, that's why his canine stayed.(07-08-2020, 11:53 PM)Pckts Wrote:(07-08-2020, 11:38 PM)OncaAtrox Wrote:(07-08-2020, 11:26 PM)Pckts Wrote:(07-08-2020, 10:53 PM)OncaAtrox Wrote: Some relatively good news about Tiago, post mortem examination revealed that he wasn't poached but was killed by another jaguar.I dont buy it, where did his canines go if that's the case? That wasn't the only picture, this one shows a lion losing his teeth from the root without leaving a remnant:  *This image is copyright of its original author And poaching also doesn't explain how Tiago lost his flesh is such a short amount of time or how his nape and vertebrae were broken in a classical jaguar hunting style. It's pretty clear that it was due to predation by another jaguar as stated by the biologist who performed the examination. |
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