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Wolf (Canis lupus)

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TheNormalGuy Offline
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I did a thread of wolf population in my forum for every state of the USA, Canada, and all its range in the world. 


Since it is so huge as update, I unfortunately won't put the informations here. The link to my forum is in the Thread : Info on others forums.
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TheNormalGuy Offline
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I said screw it  (Buckle up !). It is time for Wolf Populations Bay Bay !

Types of wolves in the NWT
There are three different groups of wolves in the NWT: Timber, Arctic and Tundra.

Timber wolf

*This image is copyright of its original author


Timber or "boreal" wolves living below the treeline or in the mountains depend mostly on non-migratory prey like moose, bison, caribou and deer. They maintain regular territories.


Arctic wolf

*This image is copyright of its original author

Arctic wolves live on the arctic islands and prey mostly on caribou, muskox and arctic hare.


Tundra wolf

*This image is copyright of its original author

Tundra or caribou wolves travel above and below the treeline on the mainland of the NWT. They wolves depend largely on barren-ground caribou and muskoxen. They do not maintain regular territories.


Source : Wolves (NT) | Environment and Natural Resources

Estimate : 5000
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Viewing opportunities

- Wolves are elusive and viewing them from roadways is not very common. You will have better luck if you go to remote rivers and lakes.
In northern Yukon, the Arctic tundra allows for clear long distance views. If you can catch the Barren-ground Caribou migration you may see wolves trailing behind the herd.

-Wolves are easier to hear than see. Their haunting chorus of howls carries a long distance. The best time to hear howling is in the evening when the wind dies down and wolves are most active.

- In winter, following wolf tracks may provide interesting observations about their lives. Wolves are highly social and territorial; leaving scrapes and scent marks along their travel routes to mark their territory.


The average pack size in Yukon is 7 to 9 wolves, though smaller and larger pack sizes are not uncommon.

Source : Grey Wolf (Government of Yukon)

Wolf Estimate : 5000

The same estimate stand for the Nunavut Province (5000)
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There is an estimated 8 500 wolves in British Columbia

www.cbc.ca/news/canada/british-columbia/story/2012/11/14/bc-wolf-management-plan.html (2012)


An Estimated population of 4200 wolves are living in Alberta.
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The United States as a whole has up to 18,000 wolves, about two thirds of which are in Alaska.

www.fws.gov/midwest/wolf/aboutwolves/WolfPopUS.htm


About 66 % = 12 000 wolves.

Wolf population data in Denali since 1986

Year  [1]
Number of Packs Monitored (Spring) [2] 
Number of Packs Monitored (Fall) [3]
Total Wolves Counted (Spring) [4] 
Total Wolves Counted (Fall) [5]

Note : Since The Wolf Count in Spring is before the birth of pups, it is normal that the number of wolves counted is inferior in Spring then in Fall in most instances.

[1] [2] [3] [4][5]

1986 4 4 26 22 

Initial Recensing 

Note : there is a 4 wolves difference between both seasons (-15,3 %)

1987 8 9 37 70 

1988 14 14 69 121 

1989 13 11 98 127 

1990 10 11 106 136 

1991
 13 13 111* 137 

1992
 15 15 103 120 

1993
 12 12 68 93 

1994
 10 12 61 72 

1995
 12 11 59 80 

1996
 11 11 69 104 

1997
 11 12 78 75 

1998 
12 12 61 68 

1999
 13 15 69 80 

2000
 17 18 71 112 

2001
 16 18 87 91 

2002
 15 14 73 86 

2003
 18 11 75 84 

2004
 14 14 78 78 

2005
 15 15 66 106 

2006
 15 17 103 111 

2007
 16 20* 93 147*

2008
 20* 14 99 86 

2009
 16 15 65 89 

2010
 12 11 59 88 

2011
 10 8 71 75 

2012
 10 9 70 57 

2013
 11 12 49 67 

2014
 10 11 51 55 

2015 
12 11 52 62 

2016 
10 49 76 

2017
 10 9 72 75 

2018
 10 11 75 85 

2019 
10 12 70 74 

* : Highest number of the database


Note/Important observations :

- 10 Years with over 100 wolves, the last year with that number also the year where it counted the most wolves (2007 with 147 wolves counted in Fall)

- 3 years with 130+ wolves counted
 
- 6 years with 120+ wolves counted

- 10 years with 15+ packs (Highest in Fall 2007/Spring 2008 with 20)


Source : Denali NP Wolf Research

Figure 4 :

Polygons representing home ranges of studied wolf packs in and around Yukon‐Charley Rivers National Preserve, Alaska, USA in each year of the study between biological years (BY) 1992–2013. Home ranges for monitored packs are based on minimum convex polygons using all locations from a given biological year. Approximate home ranges for packs that were observed but did not contain collared individuals are represented as dotted ovals for reference. Number of relocations for home range delineation varied widely among years and packs; therefore, relative home range sizes are not directly comparable. Numbers within each polygon correspond to the individual pack names in Figure 5.


*This image is copyright of its original author


Effects of control on the dynamics of an adjacent protected wolf population in interior Alaska Joshua H. Schmidt John W. Burch Margaret C. MacCluskie First published:26 June 2017 doi.org/10.1002/wmon.1026

Population Dynamics and Harvest Characteristics of Wolves in the Central Brooks Range, Alaska LAYNE G. ADAMS ROBERT O. STEPHENSON BRUCE W. DALE ROBERT T. AHGOOK DOMINIC J. DEMMA



Several packs of wolves live in Glacier Bay National Park. They are secretive, but it is thrilling to find their tracks on the beach or hear their howls at night.




Quote:

*This image is copyright of its original author

A wolf rests on the mossy forest floor.
NPS Photo/Schaller

"Katmai is one of the few remaining sanctuaries where wolves can thrive with relatively little contact from humans. Protected places like Katmai are extremely important for the wolf’s survival. More wilderness areas, free of human settlement, roads, and livestock are needed for the wolf to survive as it once did. But that is only one part of a solution. "



Quote:
A grey wolf in Amalik Bay. NPS Photo/D. Kopshever.




*This image is copyright of its original author



"Little is known about Katmai’s wolf population. Wolves have been seen throughout the park; along the coast hunting sea otter and harbors seals, and in Brooks Camp fishing alongside bears."






Wolves are present in Kenai Fjords National Park, altough they aren't as studied as in any other Alaskan Parks

"Currently approximately 30 wolves in 4 packs roam the interior of Lake Clark, which is a relatively small number considering the expansive size of the park and preserve. These packs' territories are large, even by Alaska standards."


Wolves (Canis lupus) in Lake Clark National Park and Preserve are found mainly in the park's mountainous areas, generally below 5,000 feet in coniferous forests, and in open tundra. Park wildlife biologists are currently studying the wolves to determine population dynamics, movement patterns and predation rates in the park.

Quote:

*This image is copyright of its original author
GPS collars are one tool in the scientific study of wolves in Lake Clark.



NPS photo / JMills

Source : Wolves - Lake Clark National Park & Preserve Alaska

They are present in Wrangell St-Elias National Park, altough seemingly uncommon as i seen while searching on the Internet.


Wolves also roams in Kobuk Valley National Park, following the migrating herds of Caribous.
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TheNormalGuy Offline
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Wolves were and/or are in every state of the United States.

Ille go by 3 states at a time. 
  • GYE (Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem) (Includes Idaho, Montana, Wyoming)


Quote:There are currently about 100 breeding pairs and 1,500 wolves in Montana, Idaho, and Wyoming.

www.fws.gov/news/ShowNews.cfm?newsId=D62FB674-EAEB-442B-1B6BC2AEBEBBC526

Quote:"By 1910 there were only three or four packs remaining in the United States—all in Glacier National Park, which was established that year. “The resolution of the wolf problem” was high priority for the new managers of America’s 10th National Park. Early rangers used guns, traps, and poison to successfully eliminate the species from the park by 1936. The park was wolf-free for about 50 years until the 1980s when members of the Magic Pack, from Canada, denned and birthed a litter of five pups in the North Fork area. Due to changing public values and attitudes, the wolf population within the park has prospered and today there are six to eight packs."


Source : Of Wolves and Wilderness (Glacier National Park)
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TheNormalGuy Offline
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  • California

Quote:The gray wolf (Canis lupus) is a native species that was likely extirpated from California in the 1920s. The gray wolf is now returning to California on its own by dispersal of individuals from populations in other states. The California Department of Fish and Wildlife (CDFW) is working to monitor this recovering endangered species.

(California Department of Fish & Wildlife)

wildlife.ca.gov/conservation/mammals/gray-wolf

California’s Known Wolves – Past and Present (PDF

Quote:nrm.dfg.ca.gov/FileHandler.ashx?DocumentID=178550&inline

The link above bring you to an small report of Wolf Activity in California (April 2020)

They mostly are active in Plumas and Lassen County [If the term county is the right term to use, i'm canadian so i do not know lol]


Quote:OR-7


Born into northeast Oregon’s Imnaha pack in 2009, OR-7 was collared with a GPS transmitter
by the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife (ODFW) in February 2011. OR-7 dispersed
from the pack in September 2011 and followed a southwesterly course across eastern
Oregon to the southern Cascades. On December 28, 2011, he crossed the Oregon state line
into eastern Siskiyou County just north of Dorris. OR-7 spent much of 2012 and early 2013
in California. He spent the greatest amount of time in mountain habitats west of Lake Almanor
(near the junction of Butte, Plumas and Tehama counties), and roamed widely throughout
northeastern California, including the Sacramento Valley floor near Redding and Red Bluff.
OR-7 returned to Oregon in April 2013, found a mate, and they formed the Rogue Pack.
OR-7 and his mate produced three pups in 2014, and subsequent litters in 2015, 2016, 2017,
and 2018. Three of OR-7’s offspring have been detected in California: the breeding male of
the Lassen Pack (“CA08M”), and a female (“CA10F”) detected in eastern Siskiyou County in
2017, and OR-54.

There is currently one pack in California : The Lassen Pack.


The Lassen Pack is California’s second contemporary pack, and the only currently known wolf
pack in the state. 

The Shasta Pack is a former/defunct pack of California.

Informations from a source previously stated above : 

CALIFORNIA’S KNOWN WOLVES – PAST AND PRESENT (February 2020)
  • Washington

Quote:As of the end of 2014, Washington has at least 68 wolves in 16 packs with 5 breeding pairs.

wdfw.wa.gov/conservation/gray_wolf/packs

Quote:"Since wolves began to naturally recolonize Washington in the mid-2000’s, their population has been concentrated mostly in the Columbia Highlands and Kettle Range of northeast Washington, with a few packs confirmed in the North Cascades as well as the Blue Mountains and canyon country of our state’s southeast corner. Wolves have been slower to recolonize the rest of the Cascade Mountains, particularly south of Interstate 90. According to an annual report produced at the end of 2017, no wolf packs have yet been confirmed in this area.

Still, unconfirmed reports of wolves and alleged photos of wolf tracks have filtered in frequently from Washington’s South Cascades in recent years. Potential sightings have been reported from places including the upper Green River watershed, Bumping Lake, White Pass area, and near the Yakama Indian Reservation."


www.conservationnw.org/news-updates/wolf-survey-deterrence-relocation-study-funded

Quote:wdfw.wa.gov/species-habitats/at-risk/species-recovery/gray-wolf/observations (Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife)

The above link shows an interactive map with red dots where wolves have been reportedly sighted in the state of Washington.

Sightings occured outside and inside North Cascades, Olympic and Mount Rainier NP


Also, if you click on the red dot : it gives you a lot of informations about the sighting [Which is ******* amazing]
  • Oregon
Quote:In northeast Oregon, also in July 2008, wolf howls were heard by biologists who identified at least 2 adults and 2 pups. This was the first confirmed breeding pair in Oregon.

www.oregonlive.com/news/oregonian/index.ssf?/base/news/121669711311520.xml&coll=7

By December 2011, Oregon's gray wolf population had grown to 24. One of the Oregon gray wolves, known as OR-7, traveled more than 700 miles (1,100 km) to the Klamath Basin and crossed the border into California.

wallowa.com/free/former-imnaha-pack-wolf-or--enters-california/article_ccdb208c-3281-11e1-a1f0-001871e3ce6c.html

Oregon's wolf population increased to 77 wolves in 15 packs with 8 breeding pairs as of the end of 2015.

www.fws.gov/mountain-prairie/pressrel/2015/04032015_ServiceStateAgenciesReleaseNRMWolfNumbers.php
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TheNormalGuy Offline
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  • Nevada

Quote:While the symbol of the University of Nevada, Reno athletic teams is the Wolf Pack, Lansford said wolves were rare in Nevada, at least for several hundred years, because of the state’s arid climate.

Even in 1900, he said, there were reports of just 12 wolves in the state.

“I don’t think wolves ever frequented the Mohave Desert,” where Las Vegas lies, Williams added.

“Mexican wolves also live in timber country. They like high elevations, not low arid areas.”

www.timberwolfinformation.org/nevada-not-yet-ready-to-cry-wolf/
  • New Mexico

Quote:Once eradicated or reduced to nearly none, conservation and reintroduction efforts are in place and are being done.

It is still at an experimental phase, which means they are closely monitored and all wolves are collared.

If it goes well, collaring will be probably not be applied to each and every wolf.
  • Colorado
Quote:Once distributed statewide, the gray wolf is now gone from Colorado. The last ones were killed by about 1940.


cpw.state.co.us/wolves

https://youtu.be/DOacuNN3txw
  • Utah

Quote:On December 28, 2014, a wolf was shot dead in southwestern Utah near the Arizona border.

www.mirror.co.uk/news/world-news/endangered-grey-wolf-spotted-grand-5150820
  • Arizona

Quote:The Mexican Wolf was reintroduced into the Apache-Sitgreaves National Forest in Arizona in 1998 as part of a captive breeding program.There are at least 42 wild Mexican wolves in the southwest United States in 2008. In 2014, there are around 83 Mexican wolves in the wild.

www.dnr.state.mn.us/mammals/wolves/mgmt.html

www.fws.gov/southwest/es/mexicanwolf/pdf/MW_popcount.pdf


Quote:On October 27, 2014, a collared wolflike canid was seen in north of Grand Canyon, in November 2014, the same animal was videoed, it was confirmed to be a northwestern wolf from the Northern Rocky Mountains in November 21, 2014.

https://youtu.be/Su_NvK2Lfv8

[url]www.fws.gov/southwest/es/mexicanwolf/pdf/Grand_Canyon_Canid_fNR.11-20-14.pdf
[/url]
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  • North Dakota

Quote:Wolves remain incidental species in North Dakota


North Dakota doesn’t have a resident gray wolf population, but the eastern half of the state falls within the boundaries of what’s known as the Western Great Lakes Distinct Population Segment, which includes gray wolves in Minnesota, Wisconsin and Michigan.


In his book, “The Mammals of North Dakota,” Robert Seabloom, a University of North Dakota professor emeritus of biology, writes that gray wolves historically occurred throughout North Dakota but were wiped out by the late 1800s.

Scattered sightings are reported, which is no surprise, since gray wolves in northwest Minnesota have been confirmed all the way to the Red River, but there are no recent breeding records of wolves in North Dakota, according to Seabloom.


In 2012, hunters in McKenzie County killed what proved to be a wolf. More recently, a large canine shot in February 2017 west of Edinburg in Walsh County initially was thought to be a wolf, but genetic testing determined the male animal, which weighed about 80 pounds, was a wolf-dog hybrid.

And in January 2011, a hunter near Hillsboro shot a wolf thinking it was a coyote. The female wolf weighed about 80 pounds.


Article : Wolves remain incidental species in North Dakota (Brad Dokken, Forum News Service, Apr 17, 2018)
  • South Dakota
Quote:"Over the past few years, South Dakota has had wolves killed on both sides of the Missouri River. However, South Dakota DOES not have a resident wolf population and the USFWS and SDGFP do not believe there is enough suitable habitat to maintain a population. The wolves that have been killed in South Dakota are likely transient animals that have dispersed from populations in other states. Neither agency (SDGFP or USFWS) has any intentions of establishing wolves in South Dakota."

From (Below) :

news.sd.gov/newsitem.aspx?id=12603
  • Minnesota

Quote:Minnesota has a population of 4,100 wolves, which are legally protected.

www.fws.gov/midwest/WOLF/population/mn-wi-mi-table.pdf (2008)
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( This post was last modified: 06-01-2020, 09:32 PM by TheNormalGuy )

[*]Michigan (750 in 2010)
[*]Illinois


Quote:To date, there have been eleven confirmed gray wolves in Illinois since 2002. Genetic information available from some of the wolves indicates that they came from the Western Great Lakes Distinct Population Segment-most likely from Wisconsin.

www.wildlifeillinois.org/sightings/large-carnivores/gray-wolf/
[*]
  • Indiana


Quote:Although historic records are scarce, Indiana was once home to both gray (Canis lupus) and red wolf (Canis rufus) populations. Early European settlers eliminated wolves from the state by 1908. In recent history, only a single gray wolf has been confirmed. The yearling male was found dead in east-central Indiana in 2003; it was later determined to have originated from a Wisconsin pack. Wolves can travel long distances in search of new territories, and it is possible for them to venture to Indiana. These animals are often young males that pass through quickly because they are unable to find a mate.

From the DNR (Department of Natural Resources of Indiana)

  • Ohio


Quote:"In some parts of Ohio there is. But as of the latest ODNR/FWSpopulation study not many. Reports vary but anywhere from 25 to 100."

From an Ohio Citizen named Dave Frazier answering the question : Are there wolves in Ohio ?


Website : Quora

  • Wisconsin
    Wisconsin have a healthy population of 750 wolves.www.dnr.state.wi.us/org/land/er/mammals/wolf/wolf_facts.htm (2010)
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  • Missouri

Quote:Wolves are rare in Missouri, having been extirpated since the early 1900s; occasional individuals wander here from other states.

nature.mdc.mo.gov/discover-nature/field-guide/gray-wolf
  • Nebraska

Quote:In Nebraska, the Gray Wolf is listed on both the federal and state Endangered Species list. Although no Gray Wolves are found in Nebraska, the state was part of the species historic range. Additionally, the habitat in Nebraska could support wolves.

outdoornebraska.gov/graywolf/
  • Kansas

Quote:Gray wolves, or timber wolves, formerly lived in Kansas. The species was extirpated from the state by the early 1900s.

In December 2012, an 80-lb. male was killed in northwest Kansas by hunters who mistook it for a coyote. When they approached, they realized it was too large to be a coyote. Coyotes usually weigh less than 40 lbs. while wolves can weigh up to 145 lbs. They called a KDWPT game warden, who contacted the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). The USFWS confirmed through tissue testing that the animal was a gray wolf from the western Great Lakes population.

This was the first documented wolf in Kansas since the early 1900s

ksoutdoors.com/Wildlife-Habitats/Wildlife-Sightings
  • Iowa

Quote:While wolves are more capable of hunting larger prey, their numbers in Iowa are so low that their presence is not expected to heavily reduce deer populations in the state. At this time, we estimate there to be five or fewer wolves in the entire state of Iowa at any given time.

From : The Department of Natural Resources of Iowa.
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  • Texas

Quote:Gray wolves were once found throughout North America. Historically, gray wolves were found over the western 2/3 of the state. Today, none remain in Texas.

tpwd.texas.gov/huntwild/wild/species/graywolf/


However, red wolves DNA was found in Texas in 2019.
  • Oklahoma

Quote:The USFWS now estimates that this remnant population is holding steady at 100 animals. All that is left in Oklahoma is evidence of their hidden past in the genetic code of some coyotes. However, as most wildlife professionals know, many antagonists fail to recognize the non-existent status of the wolf in Oklahoma.

www.okgamewarden.com/PastIssues/2011_Issue_1/OKWolfHunters.html
  • Louisiana

Quote:By the 1960s, only a small population of red wolves remained in southwestern Louisiana and eastern Texas.

www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/mammals/r/red-wolf/
  • Arkansas

Quote:Arkansas are doing measures and are progressing to bring back the wolf, which in the beginning of the 1900's, was eliminated.
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  • Tennessee

Quote:There were 31 red wolves released in the state of Tennessee in 1991.

wolf.org/wow/united-states/tennessee/
  • Mississipi

Quote:Red wolves are very very rare. There probably still remains a rare population in the state.

www.google.com/search?q=mississippi+wolf+population&oq=Mississipi+wolf+po&aqs=chrome.1.69i57j0l3j69i60.6027j0j4&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8
  • Kentucky

Quote:When you see something rare — Lady Gaga; the blue-footed booby — it’s customary not to shoot it. Unless you’re the dickish hunter who shot the first endangered gray wolf to appear in Kentucky in 150 years:

The first documented free-ranging wolf in Kentucky’s modern history was shot and killed by an unsuspecting hunter, state wildlife officials have announced.

The hunter, 31-year-old James Troyer, killed the wolf back in March, but the Department of Agriculture only recently confirmed it was indeed a federally endangered gray wolf, not a German Shepherd like officials originally thought.

“I was like — wow — that thing was big!” [Troyer] recalled. “It looked like a wolf, but who is going to believe I shot a wolf?”

grist.org/living/hunter-shoots-the-first-endangered-wolf-seen-in-kentucky-in-150-years/

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

It is an newspaper article still, so it isn't without some judgement and familiar informal words. LOL
  • Alabama

Quote:The red wolf was extirpated from Alabama in the early 1920s.

www.outdooralabama.com/carnivores/red-wolf

However, there is ideas of reintroducing the wolf to this state.

Example in 2019 (below)

thewolfintelligencer.com/2019/11/04/red-wolves-could-be-reintroduced-into-alabama/
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  • New Hampshire

Quote:The last N.H. wolf bounty was paid for two killed in 1895. New England has been hearing more about wolves these days. In 1993, a wolf was killed in northern Maine, and other sightings have since occurred there. A population of wolves lives in Quebec, just 200 miles north of New Hampshire.

www.nhfishandwildlife.com/wolves.php
  • Vermont
Quote:wolf.org/wow/united-states/vermont/

No established wolf are living in the State of Vermont. However, individuals may enter the state on occasions
  • Maine

Quote:Wolves were extirpated from Maine by the 1890s

www.maine.gov/ifw/docs/endangered/graywolf_20_21.pdf


They are supposedly making a comeback and sightings are supposedly recorded.
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