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Yellowstone Wolf Directory
Yellowstone Wolf Directory
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Yellowstone Wolf Directory
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03-30-2020, 11:53 PM
( This post was last modified: 10-02-2021, 08:49 PM by TheNormalGuy
Edit Reason: Update !
)
Wolf #1200M
[Founding Member of The Phantom Lake Pack]
[Founding & Current Alpha Male of The Carnelian Creek Pack]
a. Black Wolf of Cougar Creek in 2019
b. Loner at 2019 end.
c. Formed with 1005F the 1005F/1200M Group/Pair
Recap
ID : #1200M
Sex : Male
Color : Black
Lifespan : April 2016 -
Age : 4
Status in 1005F/1200M Group (Phantom Lake) : Subordinate
Note : The two latter separated from the Phantom Lake Pack.
Pack : Cougar Creek, 1005F/1200M Group [Carnelian Creek]
Mate : 1005F
Source of these informations : Yellowstone Wolf Projects Annual Reports Yellowstone Wolf : Project Citizen Science "Charting Yellowstone Wolves (25th Anniversary)" (2019) (The link to the Wolf Annual Reports is in the first post of the thread) *Edit of this post will come in shorter or later moments !* *Note* : I transferred this thread to my forum : The Domain of the Wolf and updated and added many informations from the multiples sources I red. Hope it is understandable. Also, there is a problem with the spacing between texts sometimes which i can't fix. Sorry for the inconvenience it might cause.
Although all the informations are based from my review, searches and documentation of my searches on the Internet, some informations can be, and are, inaccurate due to new papers coming out, new genetics analyses, etc etc.
03-30-2020, 11:55 PM
( This post was last modified: 10-02-2021, 08:50 PM by TheNormalGuy
Edit Reason: Update !
)
Wolf #1228F (Member of Junction Butte)
a. Gray Pup of Junction Butte in 2019 Recap
ID : #1228F Sex : Female Color : Gray Pack : Junction Butte Lifespan : April 2019- Age : 1 Wolf #1229F (Member of Junction Butte)
a. Black Pup of Junction Butte in 2019 Recap
ID : #1229F Sex : Female Color : Black Pack : Junction Butte Lifespan : April 2019- Age : 1 Source of these informations :
Yellowstone Wolf Projects Annual Reports and "Charting Yellowstone Wolves (25th Anniversary)"
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------(2019) (The link to the Wolf Annual Reports is in the first post of the thread) *Edit of this post will come in shorter or later moments !* *Note* : I transferred this thread to my forum : The Domain of the Wolf and updated and added many informations from the multiples sources I red. Hope it is understandable. Also, there is a problem with the spacing between texts sometimes which i can't fix. Sorry for the inconvenience it might cause.
Although all the informations are based from my review, searches and documentation of my searches on the Internet, some informations can be, and are, inaccurate due to new papers coming out, new genetics analyses, etc etc.
03-30-2020, 11:56 PM
( This post was last modified: 10-02-2021, 08:50 PM by TheNormalGuy
Edit Reason: Update !
)
Wolf #1230M, 1231M, 1232M, 1233M
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------[Members of The 8-Mile Pack] 1230M
a. Black Pup of 8-Mile in 2019
1231M
a. Gray pup of 8-Mile in 2019
1232M
a. Black pup of 8-Mile in 2019.
1233M
a. Black pup of 8-Mile in 2019
Recap
ID : #1230M, 1231M, 1232M, 1233M
Sex : Male
Color : Black, Gray, Black, Black
Pack : 8-Mile
Ancestry :
Lifespan : April 2019 -
Age : 1
Yellowstone Wolf Projects Annual Reports and "Charting Yellowstone Wolves (25th Anniversary)" (2019) (The link to the Wolf Annual Reports is in the first post of the thread) *Edit of this post will come in shorter or later moments !* *Note* : I transferred this thread to my forum : The Domain of the Wolf and updated and added many informations from the multiples sources I red. Hope it is understandable. Also, there is a problem with the spacing between texts sometimes which i can't fix. Sorry for the inconvenience it might cause.
Although all the informations are based from my review, searches and documentation of my searches on the Internet, some informations can be, and are, inaccurate due to new papers coming out, new genetics analyses, etc etc.
03-30-2020, 11:59 PM
( This post was last modified: 10-02-2021, 08:50 PM by TheNormalGuy
Edit Reason: Update !
)
Wolf #1234M, 1235F, 1236M
[Members of Wapiti Lake]
1234M
a. Black Yearling of Wapiti Lake in 2019
1235F
a. Black pup of Wapiti Lake in 2019
1236M
a. Black pup of Wapiti Lake in 2019
Recap
ID : #1234M, 1235F, 1236M
Sex : Male, Female, Male
Color : Black
Pack : Wapiti Lake
Age : 1
Ancestry :
Yellowstone Wolf Projects Annual Reports and "Charting Yellowstone wolves (25th Anniversary)" (2019) (The link to the Wolf Annual Reports is in the first post of the thread) *Edit of this post will come in shorter or later moments !* *Note* : I transferred this thread to my forum : The Domain of the Wolf and updated and added many informations from the multiples sources I red. Hope it is understandable. Also, there is a problem with the spacing between texts sometimes which i can't fix. Sorry for the inconvenience it might cause.
Although all the informations are based from my review, searches and documentation of my searches on the Internet, some informations can be, and are, inaccurate due to new papers coming out, new genetics analyses, etc etc.
03-31-2020, 12:00 AM
( This post was last modified: 10-02-2021, 08:50 PM by TheNormalGuy
Edit Reason: Update !
)
Wolf #1237M, 1238M, 978F/1239F
[Current Members of Mollie's]
1237M
a. Gray Adult Wolf of Mollie’s in 2019
1238M
a. Black pup of Mollie’s in 2019
978F/1239F
a. Gray adult wolf of Mollie’s in 2019.
Recap
ID : #1237M
Sex : Male
Color : Gray
Pack : Mollie’s
Age : 1
ID : #1238M
Sex : Male
Color : Black
Pack : Mollie’s
Age : 1
Ancestry :
ID : #1239F (Probably is 978F which had lost her collar)
Sex : Female
Color : Gray
Pack : Mollie’s
Lifespan : 2013-
Status : Former Alpha Female, now possibly still a breeding female of the pack.
Age : 7
Source of these informations : Yellowstone Wolf : Project Citizen Science Yellowstone Wolf Projects Annual Reports "Charting Yellowstone Wolves (25th Anniversary)" (2019) (The link to the Wolf Annual Reports is in the first post of the thread) *Edit of this post will come in shorter or later moments !* *Note* : I transferred this thread to my forum : The Domain of the Wolf and updated and added many informations from the multiples sources I red. Hope it is understandable. Also, there is a problem with the spacing between texts sometimes which i can't fix. Sorry for the inconvenience it might cause.
Although all the informations are based from my review, searches and documentation of my searches on the Internet, some informations can be, and are, inaccurate due to new papers coming out, new genetics analyses, etc etc.
03-31-2020, 12:02 AM
( This post was last modified: 10-02-2021, 08:50 PM by TheNormalGuy
Edit Reason: Update !
)
The Iconic "White Lady"
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------[The Longtime White Alpha Female of The Canyon Pack] a. Daughter of 540F and 541M of the Hayden Valley pack
b. Mate of 712M
c. Alpha Female of Canyon Pack
d. Gave birth to 3 pups, of which 2 survived to year end in 2011.
e. Gave birth to 3 pups in 2013.
f. She didn’t produce pups in 2014.
g. Bred with 712M and gave birth to 2 pups in 2015.
h. Bred with 712M in 2016 and gave birth to the one gray pup ?
i. She is 11 year old in 2016.
j. She was shot illegally on April 11th 2017
Recap Nickname : "The White Lady"
Sex : Female
Color : White
Lifespan : April 2006 - April 11 2017 [11 years old]
Parents : Daughter of 540F and 541M
Grand-Daughter of 48F/72M & ?/?
Great Grand-Daughter of 27F/28M [Parents of 48F]
Packs : Hayden Valley, Canyon
Status in Canyon : Longtime Alpha Female
Mates : 712M [From 2007 to 2017]
Descendance :
638M
831F
"The Wapiti Lake White Alpha Female" [Founder and Longtime Alpha Female of The Wapiti Lake Pack]*
Descendance Legacy [Descendance Pups that produced Known Pups] in blue if alive :
1091F [Grand-Daughter] [Daughter of "The Wapiti White Alpha Female"]
1106M [Grandson] [Son of "The Wapiti White Alpha Female"] [Current Alpha Male of Phantom Lake]
1104F [Great Grand-Daughter] [Daughter of 1091F] [Localized in Grand Teton NP]
Living Legacy [Descendance Pups that have yet to produce pups or known pups (# or nicknamed) :
1156M [Grandson] [Son of "The Wapiti White Alpha Female"] [Member of 8-Mile]
1201F [Grand-Daughter] [Daughter of "The Wapiti White Alpha Female"] [Member of Wapiti Lake]
1203F [Grand-Daughter] [Daughter of "The Wapiti White Alpha Female"] [Member of Wapiti Lake]
1234M [Grandson] [Son of "The Wapiti White Alpha Female"] [Member of Wapiti Lake]
1235F [Grand-Daughter] [Daughter of 'The Wapiti White Alpha Female"] [Member of Wapiti Lake]
1236M [Grandson] [Son and daughters of 'The Wapiti White Alpha Female"] [Members of Wapiti Lake]
Source of these informations : Yellowstone Wolf Projects Annual Reports and "Charting Yellowstone Wolves (25th Anniversary)" (2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017) (The link to the Wolf Annual Reports is in the first post of the thread) *Edit of this post will come in shorter or later moments !* *Note* : I transferred this thread to my forum : The Domain of the Wolf and updated and added many informations from the multiples sources I red. Hope it is understandable. Also, there is a problem with the spacing between texts sometimes which i can't fix. Sorry for the inconvenience it might cause.
Although all the informations are based from my review, searches and documentation of my searches on the Internet, some informations can be, and are, inaccurate due to new papers coming out, new genetics analyses, etc etc.
03-31-2020, 12:03 AM
( This post was last modified: 10-02-2021, 08:50 PM by TheNormalGuy
Edit Reason: Update !
)
"Half-Black" [Druid Wolf]
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------a. Uncollared Druid Female of Druid in 2003 who engaged in courtship behavior and play with 302M.
Recap Nickname : "Half-Black" (After her death, she was given the number 386F in her honor)
Sex : Female
Color : Black
Lifespan : April 2001 - 2003 [Last seen at 2 years old]
Mate : 215M, 302M, 378M
Ancestry : Daughter of 42F and 21M
Grand-Daughter of 39F/? & 9F/10M
Note : She was after death given an number : 386F
Descendance :
286F*
Descendance Legacy [Descendance Pups that produced known pups]
529F [Grand-Daughter] [Daughter of 286F]
569F [Grand-Daughter] [Daughter of 286F]
694F [Great Grand-Daughter] [Daughter of 569F]
778M [Great Grandson] [Son of 569F]
838M [Great Grandson] [Son of 569F]
"Bright Bar" [Great Grand-Daughter] [Daughter of 569F]
"Dull-Bar" [Great Grand-Daughter] [Daughter of 569F]
"Medium Gray" [Great Grandson] [Son of 569F]
890M aka "Patch" [Great Great Grandson] [Son of 838M ?]
911M aka "Puff" [Great Great Grandson] [Son of 778M]
907F [Great Great Great Grand-Daughter] [Daughter of 911M]
969F [Great Great Great Grand-Daughter] [Daughter of 911M]
1109F [Great Great Great Grand-Daughter & Great Great Great Great Grand-Daughter] [Daughter of 890M and either 907F or 969F]
UBF [Great Great Great Grand-Daughter & Great Great Great Great Grand-Daughter] [Daughter of 890M and either 907F or 969F]
Living Legacy [Descendance pups that have yet to produce pups or known pups] :
1238M [Great Great Great Grandson] [Son of 890M]
 *This image is copyright of its original author  *This image is copyright of its original author Photo Credits : Black & grey female wolf from the Druid pack in road near Lamar River bridge - named "Half Black"; Jim Peaco; December 2003Source of these informations : Yellowstone Wolf Projects Annual Reports and "Charting Yellowstone Wolves (25th Anniversary)" Ralph Maughan Report [386F] (2003) (The link to the Wolf Annual Reports is in the first post of the thread) *Edit of this post will come in shorter or later moments !* *Note* : I transferred this thread to my forum : The Domain of the Wolf and updated and added many informations from the multiples sources I red. Hope it is understandable. Also, there is a problem with the spacing between texts sometimes which i can't fix. Sorry for the inconvenience it might cause.
Although all the informations are based from my review, searches and documentation of my searches on the Internet, some informations can be, and are, inaccurate due to new papers coming out, new genetics analyses, etc etc. Wolf #SW147M
[Summary erased. I got in confusion with SW763M]
03-31-2020, 12:07 AM
( This post was last modified: 10-02-2021, 08:51 PM by TheNormalGuy
Edit Reason: Update !
)
The Famous "Wapiti White Alpha Female"
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------[Daughter of "White Lady"] [Founding and Longtime Alpha Female of The Wapiti Lake Pack] a. Alpha Female of Wapiti Lake Pack since 2016 to ?
b. Gave birth to 7 pups in 2017
c. Daughter of 712M and White Lady
d. Grand-Daughter of 540F and 541M
Recap Nickname : Wapiti Lake White Alpha Female or White Lady's Daughter
Sex : Female
Color : White
Lifespan : April 2010 -
Age : 10
Pack : Canyon ?, Wapiti Lake
Status in Wapiti Lake : Longtime Alpha Female (Might still be though it is presume that one of her daughter took the role)
Ancestry :
Mates : Iconic Wolf 755M, Famous Wolves 1014M [Current Mate] & 1015M
Descendance :
1091F
1106M [Current Alpha Male of Phantom Lake]
1156M [Member of 8-Mile]
1201F [Member of Wapiti Lake]
1203F [Member of Wapiti Lake]
1234M [Member of Wapiti Lake]
1236M [Member of Wapiti Lake]
1235F [Member of Wapiti Lake]
"Mustache" [Female] [Member of Wapiti Lake]*
Descendance Legacy [Descendance pups that have produced pups] in blue if alive :
1104F [Grand-Daughter] [Daughter of 1091F] [Founding & Current Alpha Female of The Heartlake Pack]
22 Pictures of "The Wapiti White Alpha Female" from Yellowstone Wolf Tracker: Pictures of "The Wapiti White Alpha Female"  *This image is copyright of its original author 'The lead female (white wolf) brings up the rear, leaving the decision-making up to others. Wapiti Lake pack in Yancey’s Hole, late December 2019. NPS photo - D. Stahler." Source of these informations : Yellowstone Wolf Projects Annual Reports and "Charting Yellowstone Wolves (25th Anniversary)" (2016, 2017, 2018, 2019) (The link to the Wolf Annual Reports is in the first post of the thread) *Edit of this post will come in shorter or later moments !* *Note* : I transferred this thread to my forum : The Domain of the Wolf and updated and added many informations from the multiples sources I red. Hope it is understandable. Also, there is a problem with the spacing between texts sometimes which i can't fix. Sorry for the inconvenience it might cause.
Although all the informations are based from my review, searches and documentation of my searches on the Internet, some informations can be, and are, inaccurate due to new papers coming out, new genetics analyses, etc etc.
03-31-2020, 12:08 AM
( This post was last modified: 10-02-2021, 08:51 PM by TheNormalGuy
Edit Reason: Update !
)
"Little T"
[Fourth & Current Alpha Female of Lamar Canyon]
(Daughter of "Big Gray" [925M] and "Spitfire" [926F])
a. Born in 2014 to 926F
b. Grand- Daughter of 832F and 755M
c. Black Alpha of Lamar Canyon and Mate of "Small Dot"
d. Gave birth to 5 pups in 2018. Two survived to year end (1197F & "Two Dots").
Recap
Nickname : "Little-T"
Sex : Female
Color : Black
Birth/Age/Death : April 2014 – [6 years old]
Birth Pack : Lamar Canyon
Parents :
Packs : Lamar Canyon
Status in Pack : Alpha Female (2017-)
Mate : 949M, Small Dot
Descendance :
1197F (Either her daughter or her mother 926F ("Spitfire") Daughter) [Member of Lamar Canyon]
"Two Dot" [Pup of either Little-T or her mother 926F ("Spitfire")] [Member of Lamar Canyon]
Source of these informations : Yellowstone Wolf : Project Citizen Science Yellowstone Wolf Projects Annual Reports "Charting Yellowstone Wolves (25th Anniversary)" (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019) (The link to the Wolf Annual Reports is in the first post of the thread) *Edit of this post will come in shorter or later moments !* *Note* : I transferred this thread to my forum : The Domain of the Wolf and updated and added many informations from the multiples sources I red. Hope it is understandable. Also, there is a problem with the spacing between texts sometimes which i can't fix. Sorry for the inconvenience it might cause.
Although all the informations are based from my review, searches and documentation of my searches on the Internet, some informations can be, and are, inaccurate due to new papers coming out, new genetics analyses, etc etc. "Brindle"
[Current Alpha Female of 8-Mile] a. Uncollared 5 year old alpha of 8-Mile in 2019, 2020.
b. Brindle Black
Recap Nickname : "Brindle"
Sex : Female
Color : Brindle Black
Birth/Age/Death : April 2014 – [6 years old]
Birth Pack : 8-Mile
Packs : 8-Mile
Status in Pack : Alpha Female (2017 -)
Mate : Uncollared Black Alpha Male of Cougar Creek [2017-2018], 962M [Pair] & 1015M [2018-2020]
Descendance :
1230M [Member of 8-Mile]
1231M [Unknown Status] [Was an member of 8-Mile]
1232M [Member of 8-Mile]
1233M [Members of 8-Mile]
Yellowstone Wolf : Project Citizen Science Yellowstone Wolf Projects Annual Reports "Charting Yellowstone Wolves (25th Anniversary)" (2019) (The link to the Wolf Annual Reports is in the first post of the thread) *Edit of this post will come in shorter or later moments !* Wolf 485F (754M and 755M's Mother)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------a. Gray pup of Nez Perce in 2005
b. Mother of the iconic brothers and founders of the Lamar Canyon : 754M (beta male) and 755M (alpha male)
c. She was born in 2004 to famous Nez Perce Alphas 48F and 72M.
d. She is the sister of wolf #486F
e. She was born in the same litter of pups as the latter.
f. Her sons 754M and 755M were assumedly born in 2008
ID : #485F
Sex : Female
Color : Black
Weight : 70 lbs as a pup [January 21, 2005]
Lifespan : April 2004-2008 [Last seen at 4 years old]
Birth Pack : Nez Perce
Packs : Nez Perce, An outside YNP Pack
Ancestry : Daughter of 48F and 70M
Grand-Daughter of 27F/28M & ?/?
Mate : Unknown Black Alpha Male
Descendance :
- 754M [Founding Member of The Lamar Canyon Pack]
- 755M* [Founding Alpha Male of The Lamar Canyon & The Wapiti Lake Packs]
Descendance Legacy [Descendance Pups that produced known pups] In blue if alive :
- 820F [Grand-Daughter] [Daughter of 755M]
- The Iconic 926F [Grand-Daughter] [Daughter of 755M]
- 1091F [Grand-Daughter] [Daughter of 755M]
- "Middle Gray" [Grand-Daughter] [Daughter of 755M]
- "Mustache" [Grand-Daughter] [Daughter of 755M]
- 1104F [Great Grand-Daughter] [Daughter of 1091F] [Founding & Current Alpha Female of The Heartlake Pack]
- "Little-T" [Great Grand-Daughter] [Daughter of 926F] [Current Alpha Female of Lamar Canyon]
Living Legacy [Descendance Pups that have yet to produce pups or known pups]
- 1197F [Great Grand-Daughter or Great Great Grand-Daughter] [Daughter of either 926F or Little T] [Member of Lamar Canyon]
- Two Dot [Great Grand-Pup or Great Great Grand-Pup] [Pup of either 926F or Little-T] [Member of Lamar Canyon]
Yellowstone Family Tree (Wolf Tales From Leo's Den) (Story of the origins of 754M and 755M done by the amazing storyteller Leo Leckie) Yellowstone Wolf Project Annual Reports (The link to the Wolf Annual Reports is in the first post of the thread) *Edit of this post will come in shorter or later moments !* *Note* : I transferred this thread to my forum : The Domain of the Wolf and updated and added many informations from the multiples sources I red. Hope it is understandable. Also, there is a problem with the spacing between texts sometimes which i can't fix. Sorry for the inconvenience it might cause.
Although all the informations are based from my review, searches and documentation of my searches on the Internet, some informations can be, and are, inaccurate due to new papers coming out, new genetics analyses, etc etc. 
NORMAL
Excellent info. Many thanks on behalf of all! When done with the series on individuals, it would be appreciated if you find time to get to a kind of summary. My guess is many readers would be interested in average life span, mortality, relations with other predators, size and details about the way they hunt. It seems there are quite outspoken differences between these wolves and wolves living in the southwestern part of Asia Minor, central and western Russia, Mongolia and India. In Asia Minor, India and some parts of Russia, wolves still are a threat to humans. Although incidents have been reported in the US and Canada, wolves seem to avoid humans in that part of the world. Same for most of Europe. Anything known about the reasons?
04-05-2020, 10:28 AM
( This post was last modified: 08-30-2020, 10:14 PM by TheNormalGuy
Edit Reason: spelling
)
(04-05-2020, 05:54 AM)peter Wrote: NORMAL Thank you. I am pleased that this thread is appreciated by viewers and members of Wildfact. Yes, i will do after the summary of many many wolves, something like you said about continue to raise awareness and rise the knowledge about yellowstone wolves. I could give the viewers and members a taste of what yellowstone wolves are in general. 1) The average lifespan of a yellowstone wolf is about 4 years. 8 years for a wolf is old. However, they can reach "easily" 10-12 years if they avoid injuries and if food is abundant. Even 15 years in the wild some says (kind of doubtful but still) Some of the wolves like 126F, 192M, 478F, 587M, 712M and The White Lady have great and long stories covering 11 and even 12 years (126F, 192M and 478F) 2) The highest natural wolf mortality comes from packs fights One year only (i think it was 2012 or 2008... not sure) 12 wolves died from this cause. However, no wolf death were reported for this cause in 2018 and 2019. Obviously and sadly, humans are the principal cause of deaths amongst yellowstone wolves. They are either hit by cars or harvested in wolf hunting season when they wandered outside the parks boundaries. Bison, Moose and elk are preys that can and have kill many wolves in Yellowstone history. Wolf#14F was killed by a moose Wolf#6M was killed by an bull elk And bison kill others As mountain lion are responsible for at least 2 wolf deaths Grizzly bears didn't actually kill adult wolves as far as i red in YNP history since the wolf reintroduction but pups were killed. 3) Interactions with other predators and scavengers/order at carcasses. Order at carcasses on wolf kills 1. Male Grizzly bears (even against 14 wolves) 2. Wolves (I guess from 7 and up) 3. Grizzly Sows 4. American Black Bear/Cougar 5. Lone wolf 6. Coyote/Golden Eagle/Bald Eagle/Wolverine 7. Red Fox/Ravens/Magpies Relations with predators : GRIZZLY BEAR Sighting of a sow. Reaction : Probably nothing Sighting of Male Grizzly : Reaction : I guess nothing Sighting of a coyote : Give them chase and kill them if caught Sighting of any other carnivores : probably nothing At Carcasses, a full grown male grizzly will usurps any kill it want to or nearly (no matter what is the pack size) Sows might be driven off by packs including more than 5 members or if they are with cubs [They will retreat to prevent the cubs to die.... obviously] Coyotes in Yellowstone lives in pair : A Male and A Female usually. There is some "pack" [More likely known as groups, I seen in documentaries up to 6 I think] The male is more "Brave" but less clever in some sort. They will try their luck on wolf kills when the wolves rest or are full bellied. The Druid Pack were in the 2000's a coyote nightmare. They killed maybe 15-18 coyotes in 6-7 years. And this are those who were documented. Red fox are not hunted. However, how wolves perceive coyotes is how coyote perceives red foxes. 4) Hunting Techniques (I sure know that bison hunting success and technique is admired and highly intriguing and captivating.) However, it isn't a born instinct..... I mean they got to learn how to kill them. From when the first reintroduced wolves were released from their acclimations pens in March 1995, it took 2 years before a pack killed a bison. Indeed, in 1997, The Crystal Creek Pack and the Nez Perce Pack killed a bison each. Elk portion of wolf kills in the beginning was about 88-90 % of the wolf kills documented. With the year, bison kills rose both in numbers and % of the total wolf kills. From 2% in 1997 up to 21% in 2018 or 2019 (See the Yellowstone Wolf Project Annuals Projects, Section Predator-Prey relationship.) Elk proportion in that record killing bison year (23 bisons killed in 2018 or 2019, I'm not sure to remember which year it was....) was "only" 69% Studies in the Late 1990's showed that an average of 14 wolves were participating in bison hunts in the Crystal Creek Pack [The Crystal Creek Pack, now named Mollie's is the only Original Pack of the 1995 reintroduction still standing and celebrated its 25th Anniversary this March 2020] 5) Hunting Procedures (Preparation, the hunt, bring down) Preparation They can follow bison or elk herds for days, looking for signs of weakness and/or diseases amongst their preys groups. They will do "fake hunts" ! What I mean here is that they will test the running ability of theirs preys. The preys reacted to this over the years by demonstrating theirs supremacy, their "look what I'm capable of" particularly elks. Bull and Cow Elks will trots in a weird fashion, easily recognizable. They struts in weird way, their legs moving quite like when "we ride a bicycle" [With imagination... you can figure this out... trust me] and in doing so, they lift their heads like "You are no match for me" Some elk aren't good at this and wolf can perceive it and launch an hunt. They can also smell dental decay and infections in some of their preys. Infections = weaker As a matter of fact, each wolf kill is examined afterwards by experts and biologists who will cut through the bones of the legs of killed ungulates to see the state of the marrow of the preys taken. If the marrow is liquid, it means the prey was starving to death and/or very weak. The Hunt A Bull Elk or Bison that stand their grounds against wolves have very good odds of survival, as a Cape buffalo against a lion. If they don't let their nerves do decisions and don't run away, it is extremely difficult for a wolf to grab hold of a leg without being fended off or kicked. It is then a matter of hours and sometimes even days. - Either the prey will try to escape and then, the wolves will catch with it and kill it - or the predators grew annoyed and go for an easier meal Young males are the fastest wolves (particularly 2-3 years old) while older and heavier wolves are bringing the weight, experience in the Bringing Down Moments of the hunt be it a elk or a bison. The faster young males and females will get hold on a leg and slow down the prey, letting the older and more experienced catch with them and the prey. They will then bring it down. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 6) Human-Wolf Relations in North America Vs Europe (in some sort) Canada : 2nd Country in Superficy, only 34-37 Millions habitants, including about 15 millions where wolves are small and not very abundant (Ontario and Quebec) USA : The Wolf Numbers are almost 80-90% only in the State of Alaska. There isn't a lot of people there. Like Anchorage is what ? 200 000 habitants Europe : Small Countries, Crowded With People Asia : Even More People per square kilometres Also, people in Alaska have the right to carry guns and take "pride" in doing so, they are mostly hunters and survivalists, adepts of the colds and knowing what they do. I do not know why the wolves-humans incidents happen in the west European countries and even middle Europe myself. However, in India, where the number of people excess 1.3 billion, there is multiples reasons of attacks, lack of preventions, other threats and education in play. 1) Not the main animal threat : Leopards, Tigers roams the land and scared more than anything else. I personally don't know if the veneration of cows as sacred animal in India as an influence on Indian wolf conflict and incidents with human resulting in attacks and deaths...... but I think it isn't a legit reason and that it shouldn't be considered as THE reason. FIREARMS has its reputation, education has its too, knowledge is also a factor as population numbers, food abundance, proximity to livestock are reasons and factor of risk (Diminishing or accentuating) It is a personal opinion on this question, as no one can exactly pinpoint and documents with conclusive evidences of why there would more incidents in Asia or Europe than in North America. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- For this thread, I will think about your summary, as whether to keep this as a strictly directory thread or somewhat Yellowstone directory. To be honest, I don't know yet. The day of maintenance of Wildfact let me time to view my old stuff i made in Carnivora and I improved it.
I think you and all readers of this thread will like this.
1)
I also edit my first post of the thread to mention (with a link) that from post 240 and on, the main individual description of wolves is done for the most part and that from the next post (post 242), the information will mostly be about Wolf Population and/or wolf interactions with other species than focusing on individuals.
2)
I did the individuals "Stories" (I will always edit some, add comments and pictures if granted permission).
There is about 500 wolves that are described in the Yellowstone Wolf Project Annuals Reports.
I did those who were in my head the "best".
I had made all of the stories first before posting them on this thread. It is indeed normal if you haven't read each and I am sorry i couldn't find or have permission [yet] to share some pictures.
[I am extremely cautious on this because i was warned by multiples entreprises/photographers]
Please respect and ask before using photographers works !
- They appreciate this
- Asking for sharing their works make them proud and encourage them to continue for longer their great hobbies or even jobs for somes.
- No lawsuit can be directed towards you
3)
Enjoy the next posts !
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