behind the big cat's and bear's, who is the top predator?

[Ashutosh]

@Styx38, by leopard you mean snow leopard, right? Because leopards don’t share their habitat with Kiangs, but snow leopards do.

https://www.snowleopardnetwork.org/bibliography/Mallon_IPBSL_Ladakh_1984.pdf

It’s an old study, but there is mention of snow leopard preying upon Kiang in Tibet and Mongolia where their populations are bigger than in Ladakh. 

Snow leopards in Ladakh generally prefer Cliff-hugging ungulates - Himalayan Ibex, Blue sheep aka Bharal, the rare Himalayan Tahr and Markhor in Ladakh area. This is not to say they won’t prey upon more plain dwelling animals like Tibetan Gazelle, Kiang, Argali sheep and in winters will even eat pikas, Himalayan marmots and hares. The Mustang region of Nepal is very similar in topography and climate.

Because of these areas falling in the rain shadow region of Himalayas, snow leopards have only so many options. When you move eastward, snow leopards regularly venture below the tree line to get their prey and this opens up so many species for predation for example the musk deer. And, in Eastern Himalayas, their range overlaps with tigers, which means there is an overlap of prey species here like takin and goral. Reply