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12-28-2021, 12:43 AM( This post was last modified: 12-28-2021, 12:44 AM by JurassicDD )
Updated Giganotosaurus skeletal by Franoys (just completed his thesis and his work is being used in peer reviewed work coming soon)
*This image is copyright of its original author
Here is some information on what has changed from the last version of the diagram and what has been adjusted. Also the studies that were used to help create the skeletal.
changes: 23/12/2021:
Huge update. The first of a series of updates regarding the Carcharodontosaurids. Hopefully not other than the mass might change in the future.
-Updated and improved the skull, using data from the latest Kem-Kem beds monograph that helped a lot articulating and studying Carcharodontosaurine crania. (More on that with future updates).
Redrew the cervical centra and ribs, corrected the dorsal vertebrae proportions (now the centra is shorter in hight, but they have higher neural arches, over double the centrum height as described by Cuesta (2018).
-Changed the vertebral formula from 9 cervicals /14 dorsals to 10 cervicals and 13 dorsals, like Concavenator's description and Harris 1998 suggest, contra Stoval 1950 and Canale et al 2014. The original mounted skeleton also shows 10 cericals with 10 cervical ribs.
-Redrew the femora and updated the pelvic girdle.
-Rearranged the tail (I updated the whole Carcharodontosaurid composite tail, changing slightly the assigned positions of the perserved Acrocanthosaurus's caudal centra, in a way coherent with Cuesta's thesis about Concavenator corcovatus and BHI reports) augmented the intervertebral cartilague between caudal centra, and redrew and re scaled the posteriormost end of the tail using Concavenator instead of Allosaurus. As a result the animal now is slightly longer (a bit over the 12.2 m length listed in Currie & Carpenter (2000) and Coria & Currie (2006).
-Removed the caudal pleurocoels since Giganotosaurus lacks them even if they were said to be observed in Acrocanthosaurus. All other Carcharodontosaurids seem to lack them (Coria 2003, Cuesta 2018).
-Updated the mass estimation with the higher densities proposed by Larramendi& Paul( Used the roughly median value of 0.97 SG). It also takes into account the slightly deeper torso, however a full new GDI will have to be performed to make sure it checks after the changes made.
Studies used for this work.
1)Stromer 1931 II. Vertebrate remains from the Baharîje Beds (lowermost Cenomanian). 10. A skeletal remain of Carcharodontosaurus nov. gen.
2)Paul C. Sereno, Didier B. Dutheil, M. Larochene, Hans C. E. Larsson, Gabrielle H. Lyon, Paul M. Magwene, Christian A. Sidor, David J. Varricchio, Jeffrey A. Wilson (1996): Predatory Dinosaurs from the Sahara and Late Cretaceous Faunal Differentiation. Science, New Series, Vol. 272, No. 5264 (May 17, 1996), pp. 986-991
3)F. E Novas, S.Valais, Pat Vickers-Rich, T.Rich (2005): A large Cretaceous theropod from Patagonia, Argentina, and the evolution of carcharodontosaurids.
4)Juan Ignacio Canale, Fernando Emilio Novas & Diego Pol , Historical Biology (2014): Osteology and phylogenetic relationships of Tyrannotitan chubutensis Novas, de Valais, Vickers-Rich and Rich, 2005 (Theropoda: Carcharodontosauridae) from the Lower Cretaceous of Patagonia, Argentina, Historical Biology: An International Journal of Paleobiology.
tromer 1931 II. Vertebrate remains from the Baharîje Beds (lowermost Cenomanian). 10. A skeletal remain of Carcharodontosaurus nov. gen.
5)Rodolfo A.Coria, Leonardo Salgado (1995) A new giant carnivorous dinosaur from the Cretaceous of Patagonia. Nature, Vol 377 (September 21 1995)
6)Coria RA, Currie PJ. 2002. The braincase of Giganotosaurus carolinii (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from the Upper Cretaceous of Argentina. J Vert Paleontol. 22(4):802 – 811.
7)Coria RA, Currie PJ. 2006. A new carcharodontosaurid (Dinosauria, Theropoda) from the Upper Cretaceous of Argentina. Geodiversitas. 28(1):71 – 118.
8) J.W Stoval, W.Langston (1950): Acrocanthosaurus atokensis, a New Genus and Species of Lower Cretaceous Theropoda from Oklahoma. The American Midland Naturalist, Vol. 43, No. 3 (May, 1950), pp. 696-728
9) J.D. Harris (1998) A reanalysis of Acrocanthosaurus atokensis, its phylogenetic status, and paleobiogeographic implications, based on a new specimen from Texas. New Mexico Museum of Natural History
10) Currie P. J. & Carpenter K. 2000. — A new specimen of Acrocanthosaurus atokensis (Theropoda, Dinosauria) from the Lower Cretaceous Antlers Formation (Lower Cretaceous, Aptian) of Oklahoma, USA. Geodiversitas 22 (2) : 207-246.
11) Eddy DR, Clarke JA (2011) New Information on the Cranial Anatomy of Acrocanthosaurus atokensis and Its Implications for the Phylogeny of Allosauroidea (Dinosauria: Theropoda). PLoS ONE 6(3): e17932. doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0…
12)Cuesta Fidalgo, E. (2017). Concavenator corcovatusTheropoda, Dinosauria) from Las Hoyas fossil site (Early Cretaceous, Cuenca, Spain): taphonomic, phylogenetic and morphofunctional analyses.
13)Ibrahim, N., Sereno, P. C., Varricchio, D. J., Martill, D. M., Dutheil, D. B., Unwin, D. M., ... & Kaoukaya, A. (2020). Geology and paleontology of the upper cretaceous Kem Kem group of eastern Morocco. ZooKeys, 928, 1.